Restoration & Frustration: Long after a destructive blaze, the Broad Street Market endures, abides, presses ahead

Eric Hagarty

In a charmless, cramped tent where the floor wobbles underfoot, hungry lunchtime customers formed long lines for deli sandwiches and barbecue at the Broad Street Market.

“Their club sandwich is amazing,” a Fisher’s Delights patron told his companion.

The Broad Street Market, constituting the stone building and a hard-sided tent, is open and supplying fresh, healthy and scrumptious food. As the market perseveres, its future preoccupies the minds of countless stakeholders—city officials, board members, vendors, residents—hoping to see its shattered half rise from the ashes of a devastating fire.

 

Brick Building

On July 10, 2023, fire tore through Broad Street Market’s brick building, the circa-1870s companion to the Civil War-era stone building.

City, county and state officials vowed to rebuild. Over 20 months later, the building looks almost like it did the day after the fire. Chain link fencing warns away the public. On brisk days, torn sheeting covering the clerestory windows flaps in the wind. By anyone’s account, progress has been slow.

The city owns both buildings and the market land. David Baker, city facilities and special projects director, confirmed a restoration timeline—which extends two years from now, or nearly four years after the early-morning fire.

Construction drawings are complete, and bidding begins June 2025. Construction starts Sept. 1. Construction is done May 1, 2027. The city will continue sharing renderings via media, social media and market-related groups, said Mischelle Moyer, the city’s communications director.

Before a standing-room-only crowd at a February town hall, city officials promised to prioritize brick building reconstruction above all market-related plans.

Plans drawn by Murphy & Dittenhafer Architects showed a building restored to its historic look on the exterior.

Note the operative word, “look.” Exterior renovations of buildings in Harrisburg’s Midtown Municipal Historic District require review by the Harrisburg Architectural Review Board and City Council approval. HARB’s standards are strict but allow some modern materials that uphold historic integrity.

The National Register of Historic Places, which lists the market, does not require historically accurate exterior renovations unless U.S. Department of the Interior funding is involved, according to Frank Grumbine, community preservation coordinator of the central region, State Historic Preservation Office, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission.

The fire offered “a big opportunity to blend old with new,” Grumbine said. “With such a tragedy and such a loss, there’s always a silver lining on how to address the market in the future and the role of the market in Harrisburg.”

David Morrison

Historic Harrisburg Association hopes to see preservation best practices campus-wide, said Executive Director David Morrison. He recalled the 1990-era restoration of the brick building’s 42 enormous windows, which used rock maple—not “squishy” new-growth lumber—for the frames.

“That was a major expense, and it was done right,” Morrison said. “I’m hoping that that same attention to detail and authenticity and durability will be incorporated into the restoration. There are wood windows, and there are ‘wood windows.’”

Plans call for a new mezzanine augmenting ground-level seating. Small, medium and large modular units would maximize space by accommodating vendors of different sizes as they come and go. And hallelujah, the sometimes sweltering, sometimes freezing building would be equipped with air conditioning and heating.

 

Vivi Sterste Brandler

The Courtyard

In January, Harrisburg Mayor Wanda Williams threw a boulder into a still pond by releasing a proposal to erect a two-story, glass-walled enclosure in the courtyard linking the market’s two buildings.

Stressing that plans are preliminary, city officials have touted the possibilities. Shelter from the elements. Room for more vendors. Revenue generation through rentals.

The city will “need to establish funding before any further steps will be taken with the middle building,” Moyer said. In other words, a new building constructed in the current courtyard is, as of right now, little more than an idea.

Vivi Sterste Brandler, owner of nearby Vivi’s on Verbeke, doesn’t like that “idea”—at all. She is circulating a petition to retain the courtyard’s free, open-air tradition that dovetails with today’s “third space” trends.

“People have come to me and told me how some of those enclosed spaces just don’t work for the community,” she said while collecting signatures in the stone building. “We want to maintain the sun and the community space because people like to come just spontaneously.”

Some proponents of a new structure cite precedent, as a building long stood in the courtyard, from the 1860s until around the 1960s. Morrison countered that the market’s then-private owners erected the wood building hastily, before acquiring land and constructing the permanent brick building, to accommodate the pressing need for vendors.

Covering the courtyard could obscure the market buildings’ historic facades and erase a beloved third space “that’s available to the public 24/7,” Morrison said. “It makes the market more than just a shopping center. It makes the market more of a destination.”

Before the fire, Jennifer Adams and her children would hang out in the courtyard on Fridays, listening to local musicians and buying veggies from outdoor vendors. The East Pennsboro Township resident, who works at nearby Radish & Rye Food Hub, includes the market in her “little walkabouts at lunch.”

“I love any space where people can gather in the city of Harrisburg,” she said. “It was a space where we could just go. I don’t want to see that go away.”

If the city decides to build a third structure, the Broad Street Market Alliance—responsible for market operations—would request details on its business viability, vendor demand and assignment of responsibilities for operations and utilities, said alliance Chair Eric Hagarty.

“The opinion that matters is not mine but the public’s,” he said.

 

Stone Building

Untouched by the fire, the stone building doesn’t qualify for any of the $10 million in insurance funds going toward the brick building, but like its brick sibling, it needs air conditioning and ventilation upgrades, plus a new roof.

The city has established funding for preliminary stone building upgrades and will request funding from the Pennsylvania governor’s office toward additional renovations, Baker said. Any construction must wait for renegotiation of the agreement between the city and the market alliance delineating their responsibilities, he added.

And although city officials continue to emphasize that any stone building upgrades must wait until the brick building is complete, Hagarty could envision efficiencies gained by simultaneous upgrades, if funding materializes.

“We hope to raise money as the alliance to help contribute to the city’s efforts,” he said. “Figuring out the financing is a little complicated, but my aspirational hope is that we can leverage the activity that’s happening at the brick building.”

After the fire, market revenue plummeted, and the market alliance was facing a projected $160,000 structural deficit.

Revenue losses were just one worry. In the shockwave following the departure of market Executive Director Tanis Monroy, later charged with felony theft from market accounts, the board discovered about $50,000 in unpaid bills, plus a lack of business-loss insurance that would have covered lost revenue—“a huge mistake,” Hagarty said.

Today, with a $350,000 Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development grant plus donations, operating efficiencies, and a voluntary rate hike accepted by vendors, the market expects to close out 2026 with “well over” $100,000 in the bank, Hagarty said.

To solidify procedural reforms, the board is taking steps to adopt financial management plans, retain proper insurance coverage, create leadership succession plans, and post financial transactions on its website.

“It’s going to require the public to continue to hold the market alliance accountable,” Hagarty said. “We are setting a precedent of transparency, so that any member of the public should, in theory, be able to go to our website and ask questions. You should not need to be a board member in order to understand the health of the organization.”

 

Brighter Days

So, to recap. Fire. Fraud. Fiscal woes.

And still, the market abides.

“The Broad Street Market is so much more than just architecture, and it certainly matters to the community,” Morrison said.

Hagarty thanked “everyone in the community who has stepped up over the last year and a half to help save the market.” Alliance members Venus Hawbaker and Tashia James helped him manage the market as the alliance has been seeking a new executive director. The city’s Baker and his colleagues “are working every day to try to make this project move as quickly as possible.”

“It’s all a great example of the cliché that it takes a village,” Hagarty said. “I’m extremely confident that the market’s brightest days are ahead after a very dark year. Every week, I feel more and more encouraged, and it’s all because of everyone who lives here, who’s been volunteering and donating and showing up to work to help keep things going.”

The Broad Street Market is located at N. 3rd and Verbeke streets, Harrisburg. The full market is open for business. The stone building’s hours are 7 a.m. to 6 p.m., Thursday through Saturday. The tent’s hours are 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. Thursday and Friday, 7 a.m. to 4 p.m. on Saturday.

Photos by Dani Fresh.

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April News Digest

Crowded Slate for Harrisburg Mayor, Council

Harrisburg voters soon will cast ballots in highly competitive primary races for mayor and council, as the deadline passed last month for candidates to submit their nominating petitions.

For mayor, incumbent Wanda Williams faces a large field of Democratic competitors, including city Treasurer Dan Miller, City Council member Lamont Jones, community activist Tone Cook Jr. and former candidate Lewis Butts Jr., according to the Dauphin County Bureau of Registration & Elections.

Williams is vying for a second term in office, following a long tenure on city council. Miller, in his third term as treasurer, also has served on city council and as city controller. Jones is serving his second year on council. Cook hasn’t held elected office previously but is known as an anti-crime and anti-gun violence advocate. Butts has run unsuccessfully for mayor several times before.

All candidates are Democrats. No Republicans filed to run for mayor for the May 20 primary.

For city council, three incumbents, all Democrats, submitted nominating petitions for re-election for the four, four-year seats: Ausha Green, Jocelyn Rawls and Ralph Rodriguez. Three-term incumbent Shamaine Daniels did not file for re-election, leaving one seat open.

In addition to the incumbents, challengers Leslie Franklin, Lisa Glenn, Sharon Horne, Elyse Irvis, Robert Lawson, Willie Ross, Rich Sanders, Lori Saulisbury, Karl Singleton and Basir Vincent filed to run in the Democratic primary for council. Soon after the petition deadline, Singleton died, though, at press time, his name remained on the ballot.

Like in the mayoral election, no Republicans chose to run for council in Harrisburg, an overwhelmingly Democratic city.

For city controller, attorney Karen Balaban filed for the Democratic nomination. Notably, long-time controller Charlie DeBrunner did not submit for re-election. No Republicans filed to run.

The Harrisburg school board has four, four-year seats and one, two-year seat up for grabs this year.

At the petition deadline, Democratic incumbents Roslyn Copeland, Danielle Robinson, Brian Carter and Jaime Johnsen filed for the four, four-year seats, while Annie Hughes, appointed to the board last year, will run for the two-year seat. No Republicans filed to run.

Dauphin County also has elections for several row offices this year.

For prothonotary, incumbent Matt Krupp of Harrisburg is seeking re-election, running as a Republican. Harrisburg resident Antonio Carreno is the sole Democrat seeking the office.

The clerk of courts primary is competitive, as Tina Nixon and Timothy Pianka, both of Harrisburg, are vying for the Democratic nomination. John McDonald is seeking the Republican nomination for the office.

For county coroner, long-time incumbent Graham Hetrick is seeking another term, running as a Republican. John Harris Jr. filed for the Democratic nomination.

Notably, this field of candidates is preliminary, as the ballot had not been finalized at press time.

 

Funds Allotted for Governor’s Square

Harrisburg will help an affordable housing development in the city make improvements, following years of neglect.

City Council last month voted in favor of giving $250,000 towards assisting the Residences at Governor’s Square, a bankrupt and dilapidated complex near N. 5th and Maclay streets.

The money will go to a court-appointed receiver, who is slated to take over operations of the
development and bring the properties into code compliance.

Last October, Governor’s Square’s owner Uptown Partners, the city of Harrisburg and other parties to the bankruptcy case agreed to have the Dauphin County Court of Common Pleas appoint a receiver to take over control of the property. The owners first filed for bankruptcy in May 2023, having received hundreds of city code citations and condemnations. While in bankruptcy court, the owner has struggled to find a buyer with the necessary funding and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development approvals.

The money from the city will help get the receivership started, with the expectation that the funds will be reimbursed to the city eventually.

The court is responsible for appointing a receiver. The city has proposed Justin Heinly, owner of Harrisburg-based Midtown Property Management.

Also last month, council took a step forward towards kickstarting the Citizen’s Law Enforcement Advisory Board (CLEAC). Council approved the creation of the board in 2020, but the board has not yet met.

At its meeting, council made an amendment to the board, removing Mayor Wanda Williams’ two required appointments to the board. Now, council will have the power to appoint seven board members, instead of its previous five.

In March 2023, council appointed Brent Miller, Quinton Davis, Adrian Selkowitz, Gia Johnson and Lakichia Carrier to the board. The board is not able to function without all seven appointees. Once appointed, the board will select another two members for appointment.

During the public comment portion of the meeting, Harrisburg resident Vivian Brandler presented council with a petition related to the Broad Street Market. The petition included signatures from around 500 community members opposed to Harrisburg’s proposal to construct a new building in the market’s courtyard, between the two market buildings.

Brandler told TheBurg that she collected signatures over four days at the market, hearing from residents and out-of-town community members who were disappointed by the city’s proposal, one of several possible ideas for the future of the courtyard.

“There’s something to be said about a third space,” Brandler said. “It’s a meeting place.”

Finally, council moved to reallocate $59,000 in the city’s budget to fund a new Harrisburg Youth Sports Association. The association, created by several community members, will help city youth pay for costs associated with local sports teams and memberships to the Harrisburg Area YMCA and Boys and Girls Club of Harrisburg.

Youth Commission Restarted

Harrisburg City Council will restart a civic educational program meant to inspire youth.

At a press conference last month, council member Jocelyn Rawls announced that council’s Youth Commission will return next school year and needs advisors.

“Myself and members of city council are dedicated to providing middle school to high school age residents with greater opportunities for leadership, community government and involvement and first-hand experience in their local government because they are our future leaders,” said Rawls, chair of the parks, recreation and enrichment committee.

Council is looking to hire a senior advisor and junior advisor, both part-time. The advisors will serve as mentors to the youth and will organize meetings and community events and work with local officials. The advisors will report to Rawls and council President Danielle Bowers and will have an office in the MLK City Government Center.

Council expects to hire for the positions in April.

The commission previously operated for a period from October 2022 to August 2023. According to Rawls, she and Bowers decided it would be best to pause the commission to have time to revamp it to reach more students and to hire advisors who could devote more time.

The youth commission will be open to Harrisburg students, from any school within the city, who are in sixth through 12th grade. Youth must apply, interview and be selected for the board, which will meet twice a month from September to June.

To apply for the Youth Commission advisor positions, visit the city’s website

  

Home Sales, Prices Higher

Harrisburg-area home sales and prices both ticked higher in February, according to the latest report on previously owned houses.

For the three-county region, 398 homes sold compared to 373 in February 2024, as the median price rose to $279,750 from $264,000, according to the Greater Harrisburg Association of Realtors (GHAR).

In Dauphin County, 195 homes sold in February versus 171 in the year-ago period, and the median sales price increased to $260,000 from $220,000, GHAR stated.

Cumberland County had 179 home sales, a dip from 185 the prior February, while the median sales price rose to $315,000 from $299,900, GHAR said.

In Perry County, 24 houses sold, an increase of three, as the median sales prices dropped to $237,500 from $260,000 in the year-ago period, according to GHAR.

The pace of sales slowed a bit, as the “average days on market” rose to 34 days versus 31 days in February 2024, GHAR said.

  

So Noted

Crystal Brown last month was named the new vice president of equity initiatives for The Foundation for Enhancing Communities (TFEC). According to TFEC, Brown offers more than a decade of nonprofit leadership experience and a passion for making philanthropy more inclusive.

Harrisburg University and HACC last month announced a new transfer agreement in which students will be able to earn their associate’s degree while pursuing their bachelor’s degree. According to the colleges, students earning a bachelor’s degree at HU will be able to apply eligible credits back to HACC. For more, contact [email protected] or visit www.hacc.edu/transfer.

Jeff Balestrini last month was named chief consumer lending officer for Members 1st Federal Credit Union. In this role, he oversees the credit union’s consumer lending operations, including mortgage, indirect, home equity, card portfolio and lending fintech solutions, according to Members 1st.

Kala Smith Groff last month was named the new supervisor and funeral director of Marysville-based Michael J. Shalonis Funeral Home & Cremation Services. A central Pa. native, Groff replaces Tom Ford, who died in late 2024, according to the company.

Karl Singleton, a Harrisburg official, died last month in his home at age 52. Singleton served under two city administrations, most recently as chief equity and compliance officer. He also had filed to run for City Council, just days before his passing.

The Ned Smith Center for Nature and Art last month announced that it had received funding for a major fungi educational and conservation project through the DCNR’s Wild Resource Conservation Program. This $30,000 grant enables it to establish Pennsylvania’s first Wild Mushroom Conservation and Education Area on 72 acres of center land between the Rail Trail and Wiconisco Creek.

 

Changing Hands

Bellevue Rd., 1934: D. Kessler to Breneman Properties LLC, $105,000

Berryhill St., 2424: JR Phoenix Investing LLC to S. Guaba & C. Nunez, $125,000

Boas St., 1508: K. Berhane to Saintelia Properties II LLC, $250,000

Calder St., 102: C. Hommel to M. Bachmore & T. Vanderstappen, $240,000

Catherine St., 1441: I. Colon to L. Stewart, $50,000

Chestnut St., 1810: C. Blodgett to S. Herrera, $110,000

Chestnut St., 1957: D. & K. Leader to A. & R. Hart, $94,291

Crescent St., 310: M. Olano to A Ventura Construction LLC, $80,000

Dauphin St., 605, 607, 609, 610: Dobson Family Partnership to Blue Valley Investments LLC, $125,000

Derry St., 1146½: T. Nguyen & T. Xuan to PACC Homes & Development LLC, $84,500

Duke St., 2444: C. Lozano to S. Rubinstein & J. Choi, $137,200

Evergreen St., 18: C. Morrison to Mau Properties LLC, $70,000

Forster St., 266: J. Witmer to A. Guerrero, $285,000

Green St., 2245: J. Smith to Y. & I. Martinez, $105,000

Green St., 2319: J. & Y. Guarneri to VHS Properties LLC, $73,000

Greenwood St., 2245: B. Weaver to J. Calo, $126,140

Harris Terr., 2477: G. Kroschel & K. & R. Becht to Y. Torres, $148,000

Herr St., 1839: C. & M. Early to S. Moyer, $202,000

Hillside Rd., 215: T. Watson to E. Diel, $265,000

Hoerner St., 127: D. Kessler to MAT Holdings LLC, $85,000

Howard St., 1328: J. Allan to L. & R. Brown, $99,000

Jefferson St., 2213: NA Capital Group LLC to EA Capital LLC, $95,000

Kensington St., 2032: F. Swanson to K&M Home Investment LLC, $81,000

Kittatinny St., 1116: L. Serrano to J. Perez, $99,000

Maclay St., 247: Penn Investment National Group LLC to J. Janeus, $201,000

Manada St., 1903: Willow Mill Realty Holdings LLC to A. Molina, $192,500

Muench St., 420: G. Lampley to Hillside Financial LLC, $120,000

Mulberry St., 1907: V. Rijo to A. Lewis & C. Cutting, $143,000

N. 3rd St., 1002: N. Patel c/o French Motel to Shakti Krupa LLC, $200,000

N. 4th St., 2106: I. Folkner to 2106 North 4th Street LLC, $72,500

N. 4th St., 2601: Hobbeze Inc. to N. Thompson, $95,000

N. 5th St., 2030: Integrity First Home Buyers LLC to D. Glick, $109,000

N. 5th St., 2032: South Lake LLC to Integrity First Home Buyers LLC, $77,500

N. 5th St., 2733: Integrity First Home Buyers LLC to Pioneer Path Properties LLC, $175,000

N. 6th St., 2535: S&S Property Management to Pioneer Path Properties LLC, $120,000

N. 6th St., 3140: TKO Rental LLC to C. Gittens, $160,000

N. 15th St., 521: G. Neff to Echo Propco I LLC, $85,000

N. 15th St., 1304: M3 6 Realty LLC to PKM Enterprises369 LLC, $105,000

N. 15th St., 1320: D. Whittaker to A. & S. Sharma, $155,000

N. Cameron St., 1821: S. Miller to D&S Cameron Bridge LP, $85,000

N. Linden St., 27: D. Vu to Biyaki Enterprises LLC, $99,000

N. Summit St., 24: Jaae Rental Properties LLC to SD Housing LLC, $95,000

N. Summit St., 118: Archie Group LLC to K. Laurent, $125,000

Penn St., 2153: Equitable Rentals LLC to Dvilla LLC, $100,000

Penn St., 2318: NA Capital Group LLC to EA Capital LLC, $95,000

Prince St., 713: Z. & A. Einhorn and T. Marino to Two Three Two Investments LLC, $107,500

Race St., 562: 562 Race St LLC & Commercial Loan Funding LLC to B & S. Dhakal, $308,000

Regina St., 1730: W. Quezada to J. Nugra & N. Morocho, $62,500

Royal Terr., 115: Adonis Real Estate LLC to Robert W. Kelly Special Needs Trust, $130,000

S. 13th St., 1400: I. Medina & J. Culcay to Club 87 LLC, $185,000

S. 13th St., 1529: J. Spagnolo to J. Pagan, $60,000

S. 14th St., 240: Filjo Properties LLC to I. Cepeda, $117,000

S. 14th St., 314: G. Garcia to State 1510 LLC, $115,000

S. 21st St., 957: J. & C. Aurelio to Normans Realty Services Inc., $52,500

State St., 1734: T. Stinson to Breneman Properties LLC, $232,500

Susquehanna St., 1815: PA Deals LLC to C&C Homes LLC, $74,000

Vernon St., 1421: Mau Properties LLC to Penn RM Properties LLC, $99,561

Walnut St., 1711: E. Rivera to Penn RM Properties LLC, $115,500

Walnut St., 1900: BCR 1 Properties LLC to E. Leopard, $175,300

Woodbine St., 219: J. & S. Compton to T. Carter, $275,000

Harrisburg property sales, February 2025, greater than $50,000. Source: Dauphin County. Data is assumed to be accurate.

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Voting Values: Here’s what I’ll be focused on this campaign season

Illustration by Rich Hauck.

It’s April in Harrisburg, which brings a profusion of vibrant colors to the city’s sidewalks, parks and hillsides.

But along with the daffodils and tulips, something less organic will spring from the ground—campaign signs.

The city’s municipal primary is next month, so expect to see thickets of cardboard placards for candidates running for mayor, city council, school board and other offices.

Now, TheBurg doesn’t endorse candidates—never has. This longstanding policy is based on one person’s belief (mine) that I have no right to tell people how to vote.

That said, I consider myself a high-information voter and take my responsibility seriously. So, I thought I’d share with readers a few of the criteria I’ll use as I sit in the voting booth on May 20, pondering which boxes to check with my little pencil. I hope these offer a unique take on the more traditional evaluation based on promises and personalities.

Pragmatism
When asked about my political lean, I respond that I’m a pragmatist. Yes, I like to consider myself a compassionate pragmatist, understanding that any cost/benefit calculation must include the needs of actual humans. But, in the end, I want solutions to problems, not politics, posturing or personal agendas. I’ll cast my vote for candidates who seem to understand that holding public office means hard work, long hours and a constant quest for the best, most practical responses to the city’s many challenges.

Mayor/Council
In my years in Harrisburg, there’s been one constant—the never-ending war between the administration and City Council, no matter the mayor, no matter the council. I’m not saying that the mayor and council shouldn’t check each other—they should. But the relentless, grinding, deeply personal battle between government officials is a recipe for inaction and dysfunction. If candidates have ideas on how to better work with their fellow officeholders, I’d love to hear them during the campaign.

Representation
As I’ve said before in this space, I’m no fan of Harrisburg’s governmental structure. Among other changes, I believe the city would be better served with ward representation for City Council, as opposed to the current at-large structure. However, as the old saying goes, if wishes were horses, beggars would ride. So, I guess I’m stuck with what we have: one at-large mayor and seven at-large mini-mayors (council members). Therefore, I’ll be voting for candidates who seem to understand that they represent the entire city of Harrisburg, not just a slice of it. Yes, this means representing people from every neighborhood, from Uptown to Midtown, from downtown to Allison Hill. It means representing every class, every race, every age—and, importantly, not setting people against each other. It also means representing other groups, such as Harrisburg’s small businesses, its vibrant arts community, its civic associations and, yes, even its developers. Importantly, it means being present in life throughout the city. Our officials should be in our restaurants, our shops, at shows, along the riverfront, on City Island, etc. We should run into them on the street, at the Broad Street Market, at a concert or play. Officials can only understand the complexity of life here by being deeply engaged in the city they represent.

Vision
Where do you want to take Harrisburg? What’s your vision for the city? As a mayor or legislator, it’s easy to get caught up in the day-to-day of the job. However, since I’ve been in Harrisburg, few have articulated a broader vision for the city other than getting past the next meeting or maybe surviving the current fiscal year. I want to know from candidates their longer-term vision—and how they plan to move the city in that direction. Importantly, Harrisburg needs some type of long-range economic development strategy now that the commonwealth has largely abandoned its own capital city. But there are many other pressing issues that require immersive thought, planning and solutions, including housing, crime and homelessness.

So, that’s my checklist. It’s possible that, during the campaign, other issues will spring up that could influence my vote. However, I regard these four measures as vital for a well-functioning city government that soberly assesses its challenges—and then takes positive, proactive measures to do something about them.

Lawrance Binda is publisher and editor of TheBurg.

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Records of Refugees: 50 years ago, Fort Indiantown Gap played a big role in resettling Vietnamese refugees. You can learn what their lives were like

Charles Oellig, director/curator of the Pennsylvania National Guard Military Museum at Fort Indiantown Gap, examines items included in the collection from when the post housed Vietnamese refugees following the fall of Saigon in April 1975.

In 1975, Fort Indiantown Gap in Lebanon County was filled with nearly identical, nondescript, white two-story barracks buildings dating to World War II.

An abundance of these buildings, many empty at the time, led to “the Gap” playing a key role in what is considered the largest refugee resettlement effort in American history—assisting those fleeing South Vietnam and elsewhere from southeast Asia after the fall of Saigon, which occurred 50 years ago, in April 1975.

Many of these buildings have been torn down since then. But some remain, including one home to the Pennsylvania National Guard Military Museum, Building 8-57, which contains a remarkable collection of memorabilia from when Indiantown Gap served as a camp for the refugees.

In the months following the fall of Saigon, President Gerald Ford and Congress authorized the evacuation and resettlement of about 140,000 refugees from South Vietnam and Cambodia.

Fort Indiantown Gap was one of just four military installations throughout the country selected to house the refugees. The others were Camp Pendleton in California, Fort Chaffee in Arkansas and Elgin Air Force Base in Florida.

“The buildings and the space were available here to do it,” said museum Director/Curator Charles Oellig.

More than 30,000 Vietnamese and Cambodian refugees lived in the World War II-era barracks at Fort Indiantown Gap on their way to permanent resettlement during the late 1970s. They were housed in four different areas of the Gap—known as areas 3, 4, 5 and 6.

White engineering tape—samples of which are included in the museum’s collection—was used to cordon off the areas and to contain the refugees within them.

“(The refugees) were told that they were not allowed outside that boundary, and they scrupulously observed that rule,” according to Frank H. Smoker Jr., a retired major general and former commander of the Pennsylvania Air National Guard who wrote a history of Fort Indiantown Gap.

Smoker, who flew five combat missions into Vietnam, and his wife were actively involved with the refugees at the Gap. The Smokers sponsored a Vietnamese family as well as a young Vietnamese jet pilot. Smoker died in 2010 at age 85.

After arriving at the Gap, the refugees awaited processing by social service agents who helped them locate sponsors and jobs.

During this time, they attended English language classes, participated in sports, and searched for employment in Pennsylvania, according to a history of Indiantown Gap’s role in the resettlement of the refugees by Stephanie Hinnershitz, a historian and professor of security and military studies.

Indiantown Gap quickly gained a reputation as a “fast” processing center, according to Hinnershitz.

The first refugees arrived in June 1975, and, by mid-December, 22,228 had been sponsored by Americans into local communities, according to Smoker.

By the early 1980s, about 12,000 refugees had found work and sponsors in Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Harrisburg alone, making Pennsylvania the state with the third-largest population of refugees at the time, after California and Texas.

Scholarly, Personal

The museum at the Gap is an excellent starting point for anyone wanting to know more about the day-to-day life experiences of the Vietnamese and Cambodian refugees at the installation.

The collection includes a two-volume set of “Good Land,” or “Dat Lanh” in Vietnamese, a newsletter in both English and Vietnamese published for the refugees. The museum edition is the only complete set of the newsletter that Oellig knows of.

The collection also includes military manuals, orientation handbooks and records regarding the camp at the Gap, information on sponsors, and various bits and pieces that offer insight into what life was like for the refugees, such as meal tickets and photos of weddings and other significant events.

From June through mid-December 1975, 74 weddings of refugees took place at Indiantown Gap, as well as 128 births and 10 deaths, according to Smoker.

The collection is not on permanent display at the museum, but Oellig is happy to accommodate anyone wishing to visit Building 8-57 to see the memorabilia.

Over the years, many Vietnamese and others have come to the museum to do research on the refugee camp at the Gap. The research is scholarly but at times intensely personal, as in the case of a woman who started to cry upon finding her father’s name among those who had come through the camp.

Neither Oellig nor the museum were at the Gap back then—the museum was dedicated in 1986. But Oellig’s personal connections with refugees who passed through the Gap extend beyond just those coming to do research.

While getting hearing aids not long ago, Oellig noticed that the woman who tested him wore a badge with the last name of Tran.

“I said, ‘That looks like a Vietnamese name,’ and she said, ‘My grandparents came over from Vietnam,’” Oellig said. “She wasn’t 100% sure, but she thought they came here through Fort Indiantown Gap, because they settled in this area.”

Pennsylvania National Guard Military Museum is located at Fort Indiantown Gap, Annville.
To arrange to see the collection of artifacts from the Vietnamese and Cambodian refugee camp, contact Charles Oellig at 717-861-2402, or by email at [email protected].

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Decades of Aid: This month, Respect Together marks 50 years of helping sexual abuse survivors

Respect Together team

It took a lot of searching before Amanda* found the help she needed as a sexual assault survivor.

She finally found it through Respect Together, comprising the Pennsylvania Coalition to Advance Respect, or PCAR, and the National Sexual Violence Resource Center, based in Harrisburg.

“Through googling, I found PCAR,” Amanda said “Trying to find the resources to help you is the most challenging. Navigating the system is really difficult. It was by the grace of God that I found them.”

She reached the organization just days before an initial 36-month protection order against her sexual abuser was set to expire. Three years later, she was at a loss about how to attain further protection. Through Respect Together, she was assigned to an attorney for PCAR’s Sexual Violence Legal Assistance Program.

“Respect Together helped me through a very difficult time when it seemed hopeless,” Amanda said. “[They] just helped me in court this week and got my protection order extended for another three years.”

This month, Respect Together celebrates its 50th anniversary in conjunction with Sexual Assault Awareness Month (SAAM). This year’s theme is “Together we act, united we change.”

Besides fundraiser events, the organization relies on private donations and local and federal funding to maintain operations.

“The goal behind SAAM is for everyone to have a better idea of what sexual assault is,” said Yolanda Edrington, Respect Together CEO. “It takes everyone to bring it up and talk about it at their table.”

A Union

The roots of Respect Together lie in the formation of PCAR, originally called the Pennsylvania Coalition Against Rape, in 1975. PCAR’s mission is “to support and advocate for the collective needs of rape crisis centers throughout the Commonwealth,” according to the Respect Together website.

PCAR began as one of the first state sexual assault coalitions in the United States and one of few with a dedicated line item in its state’s annual budget. Today, PCAR supports more than 26,000 sexual abuse survivors through 48 rape crisis centers situated in all 67 Pennsylvania counties, according to Joyce Lukima, COO of PCAR.

“Sexual assault is a comprehensive term,” Lukima said. “It can mean violence, abuse and harassment.”

In 2023, PCAR was rebranded as Respect Together with the tagline, “united to end sexual abuse, assault and harassment.” The new name represented a union of its main divisions, providing resources and prevention strategies at a national level.

“The coalition was renamed in August 2023 to better reflect the work that we do,” Lukima stated.

Healing Journey

In July 2000, PCAR created a National Sexual Violence Resource Center (NSVRC) with funding from the national Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Since then, the NSVRC continues as a “leading nationwide provider of information and tools” with the “largest resource library in the world” dedicated to sexual violence and prevention, according to Respect Together’s website.

In 2024, NSVRC provided information and resources to more than 1,300 clients and training to upwards of 11,000 individuals, according to Jennifer Grove, the director/COO.

The non-lending library at 2101 N. Front St. has a searchable online base with materials limited to online or onsite library access only. Appointments are required for onsite research.

Respect Together also shares partnership with the National Sexual Assault Conference, a 2½-day advocacy event offering advanced training with sexual violence intervention and prevention information. The annual event is organized on a rotating basis between Respect Together and Valor US, a national organization serving as California’s sexual assault coalition.

The organization also partners with RALIANCE, a multimillion-dollar seed investment by the National Football League started in 2015 with a stated mission of “ending sexual violence in one generation.” RALIANCE awards grants for advancing related research, policymaking and other pertinent causes.

Today, Amanda said she’s committed to helping other sexual assault survivors. She now volunteers for RISE, a domestic violence services firm, and Team America, with further plans to do more in the social services field. She agreed to share her story in this article as part of her “healing journey” and to help others.

She advises other sexual assault survivors to “turn to people to help you and to navigate the system.”

“One of the most difficult parts is feeling that there really isn’t anyone out there to help you,” she said.

*Amanda’s name was changed to protect her identity.

Respect Together’s 50th anniversary fundraiser gala is scheduled for April 30 at 6 p.m. at Hershey Country Club, 1000 E. Derry Road, Hershey. Tickets cost $195. To register and for more information about the event and the organization, visit www.respecttogether.org. For general inquiries, call 1-800-692-7445 or 717-728-9740. For victims of sexual assault in Pennsylvania, call 1-888-772-7227.

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Home Turf: Pollinators thrive when gardeners go native

Monarda didyma

What if “Mary, Mary, quite contrary” weren’t quite so contrary?

What if, instead of being unpredictable and whimsical, Mary cared deeply about the local ecosystem? How then might her garden grow? Instead of silver bells and cockle shells, might she plant Monarda didyma (bee balm) or Liatris spicata (blazing star) to attract native pollinators?

In central Pennsylvania and across the nation, the value of native plants, trees and shrubs has been documented, particularly as native pollinators have disappeared. Local conservancies and nurseries hold native plant sales each year to promote the return of native habitats.

“Native plants support a huge array of insect and bird life,” said Sharon Rannels, who helps run the native plant sale each year for Manada Conservancy. “They produce blooms year after year for butterflies and bees and insects and birds and for us to enjoy.”

In addition to attracting insects and pollinators, native plants improve air and water quality, reduce stormwater runoff and pollution, and increase wildlife, including beneficial insects that help control pests, according to the Penn State Extension Master Watershed Stewards.

Many native plants are perennial—they come up in the spring, bloom, then make seed, foliage over the winter, and are ready to grow all over again. So, leaving the spent seed heads on old stalks will attract birdlife to a garden. In season, Monarda and Liatris draw a parade of butterflies and hummingbirds.

They’re also easy to maintain, Rannels said, noting the adage: “They sleep the first year, they creep the second year, and leap their third year.”

Gardeners new to native planting might worry the first year when their garden looks a bit wild, but within a few years, they will have beautiful blooms and foliage. Some plants spread more than others, but Rannels said they generally are easy to care for, do not require daily watering, and are hardier than non-native plants.

In the Beginning

Twenty-five years ago, the native plant movement was relatively new. Manada Conservancy was formed in 1997 to preserve the natural, historic, agricultural and scenic resources of Dauphin County through land conservation, environmental education and community engagement.

Now retired, Nancy Cladel initiated the native plant project for the conservancy.

The sale was born from a need to support the operation of the conservancy, she said, and from the beginning, conservancy members and volunteers started with plugs from native plant nurseries and nurtured them to be sold at the sale. Cladel said they were learning not only how to grow plants, but why they needed to focus on doing so, leading the plant sale to evolve to be so much more than just a sale.

“The insect population has plummeted in recent decades,” Cladel said. “[It’s] not noticed by most people because they’re small. When they’re around, they bother us, and we notice them. When they’re not around, we don’t notice.”

Insects feed birds, so with the decrease in insects, bird populations also plummet. Dr. Douglas Tallamy, chairman of entomology and wildlife ecology at the University of Delaware and founder of the Homegrown National Park movement, conducted studies and discovered that native insects prefer native plants.

Ember Jandebeur, a master gardener and vice president of the Garden Club of Harrisburg, said that native plants also are locally adapted, which gives them a better chance of survival, benefits local ecosystems for wildlife, needs less maintenance, and requires less water and fertilizer.

Along with planting a garden full of native plants to increase native pollinators, Rannels suggests eliminating pesticides and herbicides, which are detrimental to all species.

 

Native Is Beautiful

Jandebeur likes a mildew-resistant cultivar of Monarda called Jacob Cline that attracts hummingbirds.

She said that her most active native pollinator is Solidago (goldenrod), which, contrary to common belief, does not cause hay fever. Other native beauties available at plant sales include Iris versicolor (blue flag), Lobelia cardinalis (cardinal flower) and Rudbeckia triloba (brown-eyed Susan), among many others.

As a master gardener, Jandebeur helps at the Hunger Garden at the Capitol Complex, which harvested 900 pounds of vegetables for local food banks last season, and she assists with native pollinator gardens at Fort Hunter and the south entrance of Wildwood Park. She said that garden clubs promote not just learning but giving back to the community.

Cladel now gardens in a plant bed at her retirement community. Another bed tended by other residents offers a contrast to Cladel’s native plantings.

“Theirs is striking more than mine, but they don’t get the pollinators that I get,” she noted. “At a time when so many of us wonder what we can do with the problems of the world, this is something we can manage. I think everyone can do something.”

 

Buying Native

Manada Conservancy’s 25th annual native plant sale takes place May 3 at the plant nursery at East Hanover Nature Park at 328 N. Crawford Rd., Grantville. Preorder continues until April 15 unless plants sell out sooner. Several hundred additional plants will be available on sale day along with other plant vendors, art vendors, a nature walk and food. For more information, visit  www.manada.org.

The Penn State Extension Master Watershed Stewards will hold its sixth native tree and shrub fundraiser starting in August with pickup in late September and October from multiple locations. For more information, visit www.extension.psu.edu/master-watershed-steward-native-tree-and-shrub-sale.

The Pennsylvania Native Plant Society holds the Central Pennsylvania Native Plant Festival on May 3 at Millbrook Marsh Nature Center in State College, which includes speakers, music, vendors and information booths. For more, visit www.panativeplantsociety.org. The site includes other native plant sales and resources.

Dauphin County Parks and Recreation’s Garden Faire at Fort Hunter on May 4 includes native plants and pollinators along with many other vendors and events. For more information, visit www.forthunter.org/event/garden-faire.

Some nurseries also offer presales for their native plants. For instance, Hungry Hook Farm started preorders in March, and the nursery opens April 16 for browsing and preorder pickups. For more information, visit www.hungryhookfarm.com.

Photo courtesy of Donna Wierzbowski.

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After the Fire: As a homeowner, the worst possible thing happens—so what happens next?

Derek Sandstrom’s home during and after the fire

“I’m not sure how to tell you this, but your house is on fire.”

Those are the words that Derek Sandstrom heard by cell phone as he and his family reveled in the stands after the Philadelphia Eagles’ Jalen Hurts ran 40 yards for a touchdown on Jan. 19.

Nationwide, there were an estimated 344,600 residential fires in the United States in 2023, according to the U.S. Fire Administration. What’s it like to pick up the pieces after a house fire?

First, there’s the realization then the shock.

“It’s just one of those surreal, out-of-body feelings,” Sandstrom said. “And I just looked past Carter [his son] to Sheri [his wife] and said, ‘Our house in on fire.’”

The family traveled home at a snail’s pace in a snowstorm to begin to face their reality.

When they arrived at the scene of their smoldering home in Etters, they were surrounded by firetruck lights and noise. Sandstrom said that the firefighters treated them very well and “told us in plain words what was happening and what we needed to do,” he said.

Surprisingly, then came the barrage of phone calls from independent insurance adjusters wanting their business. Sandstrom learned that adjusters listen to scanners and call or arrive at fires to offer their services.

“It’s like dude, oh my gosh, what—can you send me something?” he responded. “I’m here reeling in shock. If you don’t mind, I’m not gonna answer you right now.”

Also there, the American Red Cross. Emergency dispatchers inform the local Red Cross chapter when there is a fire.

“The Red Cross called and said, “We want to come over and talk to you and bring you some supplies,’” Sandstrom said.

They did come and brought bags for immediate needs like toiletries and offered cash, which could be sent to the bank or provided in any way that was most convenient. Cash allows people to make decisions about their most pressing needs, which they would know best.

“We connect with the families to provide support, including emergency lodging, financial assistance and emotional support,” said Laura Burke, executive director of the American Red Cross, Central Pennsylvania Chapter.  “So, when the first responders are focused on the scene and what may be unfolding, we’re really working with individuals who were displaced.”

The Red Cross also can help with life-sustaining medical equipment and prescription medications. Bev Cullen, who experienced a fire in 2008, said that they provided vouchers so she and her husband could replace glasses lost in the fire.

Back on Their Feet

Both Sandstrom and Cullen had fire insurance. So, the next step was retrieving what they could from the scene and beginning the long process of cataloging what they had lost.

“What Bill [her husband] and I did every night for two weeks, we took one room at a time, and we sat there and closed our eyes and visualized the room,” said Cullen, also of Etters.

Sandstrom’s wife prioritized the scrapbooks. So, friends lent a hand retrieving them from the less damaged part of the house.

“We made a little assembly line, moving scrapbooks,” Sandstrom said. “The smell of a house fire is much different than a campfire. It’s like a heavy, oily, waxy, plasticky.”

He said that they were warned not to take items from the house into their new housing because the smell would permeate the space.

For those without insurance, the process is even more fraught. The Red Cross offers case managers who help folks navigate the resources available to them.

“In the days and weeks after the fire, we have volunteers that work with each family individually to create recovery plans and provide resources with local community organizations to help them get back on their feet,” Burke said.

There are ways to mitigate the stress in case of a house fire. Both Cullen and Sandstrom recommend taking pictures of your belongings.

“We’ve heard this advice before and ignored it, like everybody else,” Sandstrom said. “Take an inventory of your house, pictures or video. Whatever would jog your memory.”

And both used a public insurance adjuster, someone independent of your own insurance company. Sandstrom had a good experience with his insurance provider, Cullen not so good. Cullen recommends getting second opinions on what your insurance company advises.

Storing salvaged belongings can pose a problem.

“I wish I had known how expensive it was to store your stuff,” Cullen said. “That wasn’t really disclosed.”

In the whirlwind, she didn’t think to ask the restoration company about the cost of storing their possessions.

Friends, neighbors and family can support families going through the trauma of a fire. Cullen had a friend offer their Airbnb until they were able to rebuild.

“I was coaching tennis at Hershey, and the kids put together a GoFundMe and raised so much money,” Cullen said. “It was unbelievable.”

The night of the fire, she said that all she had was the leopard print pajamas she was wearing and had to borrow a friend’s shoes to go to the store. Friends kept their pets until they found a place to stay.

Fire victims are stunned by the situation. So, the best help is when folks just “do” rather than ask. Sandstrom said friends told them they were taking a particular day off, and they would help them that day with whatever they were doing.  Sandstrom said that he was overwhelmed by the offers of help.

“I would advise anybody to have enough humility, swallow your pride enough to ask for the help that you need,” Sandstrom said. “Nobody is supposed to be able to do this themselves.”


For more information on the
American Red Cross Central Pennsylvania Chapter, visit  www.redcross.org and search under “Your Local Red Cross.”

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Unsettling, Resettling: Local refugees, assistance organizations face uncertainty after funding, programs cut; turn to volunteers

The Partnership for Better Health-funded “Circle of Care for Carlisle’s Afghans” offered trauma-informed yoga to women.

Earlier this year, one of the area’s largest refugee resettlement agencies suddenly lost most of its funding.

Church World Service (CWS), which has offices across the country, just opened its Harrisburg office in 2022, but was already facing a crisis situation, following a federal stop-work order this past January.

Just weeks after his swearing in, President Donald Trump suspended federal funding for refugee resettlement programming and stopped resettlement, crippling agencies that rely on this funding to operate and leaving refugees vulnerable.

CWS Harrisburg Site Director Alex Swan, in a statement, shared that the office, as well as all other CWS offices, has significantly reduced operational capacity. In February, they furloughed 70% of employees and by mid-March, were still only operating with about 60% of their staff.

“We have legal and moral obligations to refugees, including people living in the U.S. seeking reunification with their spouses and children and Afghan and Iraqi allies who the U.S. promised to protect,” Swan said. “They went through an intensive, often years-long process of screening, vetting and medical checks. The executive actions have not changed our focus on our clients’ well-being. We are doing everything possible to continue to provide permitted services even as these huge sources of funding have been blocked.”

Other local organizations are also feeling the impacts of recent orders, policies and statements concerning refugees and immigrants.

Harrisburg-based International Service Center doesn’t directly resettle refugees but specializes in providing resources to refugees and asylum seekers who have recently arrived in the United States. Due to funding cuts, they’ve had to eliminate half of their programs.

The status of resettlement in the country is a moving target.

Following the federal orders, the International Refugee Assistance Project, on behalf of CWS and other agencies, sued the Trump administration for stopping resettlement and blocking funding. In February, a judge in the U.S. District court in Seattle filed a preliminary injunction blocking Trump’s stop work order for at least three months. The next day, the administration terminated contracts with most resettlement agencies. However, the Trump administration said in March that it could take months to resume resettlement operations.

“The current administration and the State Department have attempted to end the U.S. resettlement program as we know it,” Swan said. “No refugees are being resettled, and the State Department terminated its agreements with the resettlement agencies and nonprofits, including faith groups, that welcome and serve refugees in the U.S. and abroad.”

Only one thing is for certain—everything is uncertain. And despite fluctuations on the federal level, the need for community assistance locally, will likely remain, no matter what happens.

In the midst of the upheaval, volunteers, churches and community groups are rising to meet the need and fill gaps in assistance.

 

Do Our Best

Rebekah Teuscher took a job at CWS Harrisburg less than a year ago, finding a position where she could fulfill a longtime passion of assisting refugees.

When she started in 2024, CWS was in the middle of one of its busiest years of resettlement, she said. Teuscher served as the resettlement wellness coordinator, assisting the most medically fragile clients, coordinating vaccine clinics and connecting people to physical and mental health resources.

Teuscher said that, for the last few months of 2024, CWS pushed to resettle as many people as they could, knowing that things would likely change come the presidential inauguration in January.

Following months of extremely busy workdays, everything came to an abrupt halt in February, when she was furloughed, along with most of her colleagues.

“It was historically really busy and for that to drop so suddenly was like whiplash,” Teuscher said.

Now, she fears that people may “fall through the cracks,” as CWS works its hardest, but ultimately doesn’t have the same resources as before.

“My heart has felt very heavy and broken,” she said. “It just makes me really sad that people are afraid of these individuals and haven’t chosen to engage in relationships to see how incredible they are and what a benefit they are to our country.”

At the International Service Center, the team has reduced staff and programming due to cuts to its state funding and uncertainty around future funding.

The center provides translation services, employment help, transportation and more. Often, they assist refugees after they phase out of programs, like CWS, or help those who aren’t being helped by resettlement agencies.

“We don’t know how long funding will continue, but we are determined to help the most at risk refugees,” said Dr. Truong Phuong, director of the center. “If we abandon them, they have nowhere to go, so we will do our best.”

Both CWS and the International Service Center have turned to volunteers.

One of these local volunteer groups is Muddy Waters Anabaptist Community in Mechanicsburg, which, at the end of 2024, expected changes on the horizon and made the decision to take action.

“Knowing that our current administration had campaigned on anti-immigration, one of our members said, ‘let’s get more involved,” said Linda Mininger, who attends the church.

Resilient, Resourceful

Teuscher is now doing similar work to what she was doing at CWS, just in a different way. Shortly after she was furloughed, her church, The Meeting House-Dillsburg Campus, hired her part-time to coordinate volunteers to help CWS’s clients. The church, which had partnered with CWS for several years, was asked to help, she said.

Now, Teuscher works with around 100 volunteers from the area who help families with rides to medical appointments, among other needs.

“It’s encouraging that so many people have stepped up to want to help,” she said. “As much as I wish this hadn’t happened the way it has, it really is cool to see the community take ownership of this.”

The International Service Center is working on a smaller scale than it’s used to, but they remain hopeful. The center needs volunteers now more than ever to keep them afloat.

“We always remind people working with us that we are based on the belief that hope, faith and love will keep us alive,” Phuong said. “We can’t do this alone.”

Mininger and other church members have provided meals and transportation to refugee families, have taken them grocery shopping and helped them enroll their children in school. She has also helped with some English language lessons.

“I feel called to help,” she shared. “The situation with the refugee resettlement program makes me angry that the U.S. is not meeting its obligations.”

Harrisburg Brethren in Christ Church on Derry Street has helped with groceries and gift cards for families in need of food.

Many other organizations and volunteers have stepped up, and yet, the reality remains the same. Refugees and immigrants in the U.S. face an uncertain future.

At the Latino Hispanic American Community Center in Harrisburg, director Gloria Vazquez Merrick is seeing the fear that many immigrants in her community are facing. The center isn’t engaged in refugee resettlement or assistance specifically and isn’t affected by funding cuts. However, they offer a perspective on feelings at-large, as they provide resources to a population with fears about their future in the country.

“I think everybody’s worried,” she said. “They’re thinking worst-case scenario, ‘what are we going to do?’ I think that’s where a lot of families are at.”

She acknowledged that that is a common feeling among both immigrants and refugees right now, even though the two groups are distinct.

“It’s a very tenuous situation,” she said.

Teuscher explained that, at this point, much of refugee families’ welfare relies on relationships with community members.

“There’s a lot of fear,” Teuscher said. “The lines between refugee and immigrant or asylum seeker are very blurry now, and I think that makes everyone a little less certain of their safety in the country.”

At the same time, Teuscher said that she’s not seeing or hearing of people who are sitting around waiting or worrying for the next shoe to drop.

“They are very resourceful, very innovative, very resilient,” she said. “I don’t want to downplay the desperation that there is […] it’s a really dire situation, but these are not helpless people who are passive recipients of whatever fate comes to them. With help, I hope they will find a pathway to flourishing.”

For further reading, check out our recently published article, which tells the stories of three Harrisburg area refugees and families. 

For more information about Church World Service, visit www.cwsharrisburg.org.

To assist with medical transportation for refugees, contact Rebekah Teuscher at [email protected].

For more information about the International Service Center, visit www.isc76.org.

To learn more about the Latino Hispanic American Community Center, visit www.lhacc.org.

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Stewarding Streams: Volunteers team up with Penn State Extension program to foster watershed health

MWS volunteer Don Horn teaches Montessori Academy of Chambersburg students about stream health.

Around the state of Pennsylvania, more than 1,000 volunteers and volunteers-in-training have one thing on their minds: the health and wellbeing of our natural waterways.

As part of the Master Watershed Steward (MWS) program with Penn State Extension, which spans 42 counties across 16 programs, these volunteers and their full-time program coordinators run educational events, organize stream cleanups, monitor water quality and so much more.

In the Cumberland Valley program (which includes Cumberland and Franklin counties), Natalie Marioni leads the charge as program coordinator.

“We were established to strengthen the local capacity for management and protection of watersheds by educating and empowering these volunteers,” Marioni said.

This includes supporting the work that conservation districts are doing (for example, sending out volunteers to help with a large tree planting) and answering requests from businesses, schools and other local organizations to add a pollinator habitat or rain garden, perform lawn conversions or even take students on educational creek walk field trips.

“Each of our programs is very different depending on where we are in the state,” Marioni said. “Our volunteers spend a lot of time training with the program, so they’re very invested in these topics. We foster that. They might have an idea to work with their local municipality because they see an issue that affects them and their neighbors, and that will launch into a program.”

This year, the Cumberland Valley MWS program will lead a three-part presentation series for Bosler Library in Carlisle. They also partner with Dickinson College, which runs a program called Alliance for Aquatic Resources Monitoring (ALLARM), where students and community members combine forces to investigate stream health by generating data for aquatic protection and restoration efforts. Through the Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay, a group of MWS volunteers dubbed “Riparian Rangers” ensure that riparian buffer (or stream side tree and shrub) plantings are as successful as possible. With the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (DCNR), a new Invasive Replace-ive program helps people replace destructive invasive species with much more beneficial native trees.

These partnerships are pivotal for the state’s MWS programs.

“Not only do they help identify projects or needs in the community, but all of these different organizations bring something different to the table, and I think that’s what helps us do more in our communities,” Marioni said.

The Cumberland Valley MWS program is in the midst of its spring training session, but they generally train new volunteers on an annual basis (and other regions have their own volunteer training schedule). Volunteers are asked to commit a minimum of 20 hours per year.

“Each of those volunteers, we value whatever contribution they can provide to these efforts,” Marioni said.

Education & Outreach

Don Horn is a volunteer in the Cumberland Valley program. Horn became involved in 2020 and has since committed anywhere from 100 to 250 hours per year as a Master Watershed Steward and 10 to 20 hours per year in the Master Well Owner Network, which trains existing MWS volunteers in the management and education of private water systems like wells. His favorite activities include trout-release events and stream monitoring.

Horn is a great example that volunteers don’t need a scientific background to get involved.

“I serve on the board for the Friends of Michaux State Forest and during meetings, items came up I didn’t understand,” he said. “This was my opportunity to broaden my knowledge.”

At the start, Horn recommends that new volunteers team up with seasoned stewards until they learn their niche.

Many volunteer opportunities require boots on the ground, but the program seeks to maximize accessibility. For example, volunteers may staff tables at education booths or even write articles from the comfort of their own home.

“If I hear that a program isn’t yet accessible, or there aren’t enough accessible volunteer opportunities for whatever reason, I do really try to work hard to see how we can add new programming or adapt current programming to fit those needs,” Marioni said.

Penn State Extension’s MWS program started a dozen years ago in Lehigh County and extended to the Cumberland Valley in 2019. While Marioni has been working as a program coordinator for about five years, first in Berks and Schuylkill counties and now on the other side of the Susquehanna River, this wasn’t always her path.

For the first half of her career, Marioni was a wildlife biologist, focusing on reptiles and amphibians in aquatic habitats.

“Several years ago, when I ran out of grant funding to do some of the aquatic turtle research I was doing, I was looking for other opportunities, and I was very interested in educating our communities about protecting our water, both for our own use and for wildlife,” she said.

Eventually, she made her way to Penn State Extension’s MWS program.

“This is the 10th state that I’ve lived in, and this is the only state that I’ve lived in that has a watershed steward volunteer program,” she said.

While there are a few other states that have the program, it’s not common.

“One of my big interests, just being a former researcher and biologist, is community science, getting people involved in data collection that can be used by science communities to help study what’s going on around us,” Marioni said. “This program allows me to get volunteers involved in some of that, blending the research with the education and outreach.”

For more information on the Cumberland Valley MWS program, visit their Facebook page. The statewide program is on Instagram @PennStateWatershedSteward. Find more on all county programs at www.extension.psu.edu/programs/watershed-stewards.

Stories on environmental topics are proudly sponsored by LCSWMA.

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Mindful, Meaningful: During Autism Acceptance Month, advocates promote awareness, support for local families

Shimera Dennis with her sons

The Neurodiverse Network’s facility in New Cumberland is stocked with all the toys, books and play equipment that a kid could want.

However, the organization selects its toys and education tools with a specific audience in mind—those with autism spectrum disorder, as well as other neurodiverse diagnoses.

This means that the toys are sensory-conscious, calming and beneficial for these families.

The connection they make with others may be even more helpful. Forming relationships is something that owner Leann Firestone herself has had to work on as she and her 8-year-old daughter both have autism.

Leann Firestone

“We have trouble with social skills and relationships, for sure,” Firestone said. “I feel like since she [her daughter] was little, I’ve been trying to create social opportunities for her and myself, because it’s so hard for us to find it naturally.”

However, help and community are out there. Firestone’s Neurodiverse Network is a place where people with neurodiversity, not just autism, can come and be with others who share similar experiences, in a safe environment. They have support and social groups for adults, kids and families, as well as skill classes and a yoga-type class to help with self-regulation.

April is national Autism Acceptance Month, recognizing a reality that affects one in 36 children in the United States, according to the National Autism Association. Over 5 million adults are also affected, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Despite the sweeping presence of neurodiversity, lack of knowledge, misconceptions and non-acceptance still exist. With that in mind, Harrisburg area organizations are working to raise awareness and improve support for local families.

 

Andrea Gibson

Powerful Tool

So, what is autism? According to occupational therapist and owner of TCS Therapy and Counseling Services in Camp Hill, Andrea Gibson, much of it is defined by information processing.

“Our neurotypical society runs on Windows and how they interact with the world, how their thoughts process, how they process new information, how they learn, how they interact socially. And then comes autism, and we’re running on Mac,” she said. “So, the wires are crossing. We process information differently.”

She said “we” because Gibson herself was diagnosed as autistic in her 30s. The diagnosis was a watershed moment for her.

“It’s life changing from the standpoint that my mental health is better now, personally than it has ever been. Things that were hard, I just sort of internalized as a personal failing,” she said. “Why do I get overwhelmed and nobody else gets overwhelmed? Why am I always the sensitive one because it’s too bright or it’s too loud?”

Getting a diagnosis rather than running away from their reality can allow children and adults with autism to get the help they need and allow for a brighter future.

“There’s a lot of answers, and there’s a lot of advocacy that comes with understanding it,” Firestone said.

She explained that, when a person has a diagnosis, they have something to work with.

“For children, it’s really powerful because they’re given this tool and this language to explain their brain,” she said.

Shimera Dennis, founder of D&D Journey, a local autism support group, is raising two autistic sons. She is concerned that children who aren’t diagnosed face an uphill battle. In the Black community specifically, seeking a diagnosis can sometimes have an increased stigma, Dennis shared.

“I hear our African American community say, ‘There’s nothing wrong with my kid,’” Dennis said. “But when they grow up and they’re out there having behaviors […] because you don’t understand what’s going on with his body.”

Autism can present in many different behaviors, which is why it’s called autism spectrum disorder. These include repetitive behaviors like pacing or moving (called “stimming”), done to regulate emotions. People also have differences with sensory, sound, touch or movement and often can be oversensitive to or hyper seeking sensory input. Others face social challenges, such as communicating effectively with peers.

  

Connection, Inclusion

D&D Journey, named after Dennis’ two sons, offers support groups and training. They talk about, “How do they feel when they first found out that their child was autistic? What do they do when their child is having a meltdown? What do they think they could do better? As parents, what do you do for downtime for yourself?” Dennis said.

One example of the events that the group offers is its upcoming Easter egg hunt and dance for kids on the spectrum called “Autism in Bloom, Rocking the Spectrum,” on April 12.

Autism community events allow people to participate in social events without judgment. Neurodiverse Network holds Halloween, Easter and New Year’s Eve inclusive events.

“Families told us that they’ve never been able to do anything like that,” Firestone said. “Family events can be super powerful because they are not only getting an experience in a safe place, they’re seeing other families and they’re like, ‘Oh, your child screams too.’”

Firestone will hold the May Mile and Disability Resource Fair on City Island in May. This provides another opportunity for families to gather, learn and have fun.

Society in general can provide help, as well, by dispelling stereotypes and being inclusive.

“I think there’s an assumption that we’re a homogenous group—that we are either universally geniuses or we’re universally incapable of anything,” said Gibson.

She reminds people of the saying, “When you’ve met one autistic person, you’ve met one autistic person.”

It often takes more time and patience to communicate with people with autism, but including kids on the spectrum goes a long way to making their lives better.

“You don’t want them to feel like they aren’t worthy,” Dennis said.

People with autism are a diverse group, and recognition and acceptance of that diversity provides a path for understanding.

“I think that it’s important that we believe people,” Gibson said. “If somebody is saying that something is really uncomfortable for them, and there’s some loud noise that’s bothering them or that there’s a light [that’s too bright], believe them.”

Learn more about D&D Journey and the “Autism in Bloom, Rocking the Spectrum” event at www.dndjourney.org or on Facebook at D&D Journey.

Learn more about the Neurodiverse Network at www.ndnet.org.

Learn about the services provided by TCS Therapy and Counseling at www.patcs.com.

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